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Polish Teachers' Union ((ポーランド語:Związek Nauczycielstwa Polskiego), ZNP, also translated as ''Union of Polish Teachers'', ''Polish Teachers' Association'', ''Association of Polish Teachers'') is the largest Polish trade union for teachers and educators and their largest professional association.〔 ==History== First Polish teachers trade unions date to 1905, the year that marks the period of unrest known as the Revolution in the Kingdom of Poland (1905–1907).〔〔 (wiązek Nauczycielstwa Polskiego ), WIEM Encyklopedia〕 The Polish Teachers' Union has been created in 1930 from the merger of the Union of Polish Teachers of Elementary Schools and the Trade Union of Teachers of Polish High Schools, both dating to 1919.〔 In the 1930s, ZNP, numbering over 50,000 members before World War II, and being the largest Polish association and trade union for educators, became increasingly influenced by socialists, which caused it to be eventually suspended by the conservative and right-leaning Polish government.〔〔 In response, the socialist wing of ZNP organized the large Polish teachers strike (1937), which succeeded in having the government back down and reinstate the organization.〔 ZNP at that time maintained also auxiliary institutions, such as the Pedegogical Institute, and run summer vocational courses.〔 During the war, ZNP continued to exist as part of the underground education in Poland during World War II, in the form of the Secret Teaching Organization.〔〔 (Tajna Organizacja Nauczycielska ), WIEM Encyklopedia〕 The Organization was created towards the end of October 1939 in Warsaw response to German closure of most Polish educational institutions and repressions against teachers.〔Josef Krauski, ''Education as Resistance: The Polish Experience of Schooling During the War'', in Roy Lowe, ''Education and the Second World War : studies in schooling and social change'', Falmer Press, 1992, ISBN 0-7507-0054-8, (), M1 Google Print, p.128-138〕〔Ewa Bukowska, ('' Secret Teaching in Poland in the Years 1939 to 1945'' ), London Branch of the Polish Home Army Ex-Servicemen Association〕 After the war, ZNP was reinstated by the new Polish communist government, but had relatively little real influence.〔 It was briefly suspended during the martial law in 1981.〔 In 1984 it joined the All-Poland Alliance of Trade Unions.〔 Like most other Polish trade unions, ZNP became independent after the fall of communism in 1989. The Union leaders decided to keep it aligned to the Polish left (Social Democracy of Poland), which caused a split, as some of the members left for the Solidary-aligned trade unions.〔 Nonetheless, it remained and is currently the largest Polish trade union for teachers and educators.〔〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Polish Teachers' Union」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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